ASHTINAMA FROM THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD TO THE CHRISTIANS OF EGY - Lot 100

Lot n° 100
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ASHTINAMA FROM THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD TO THE CHRISTIANS OF EGY - Lot 100
ASHTINAMA FROM THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD TO THE CHRISTIANS OF EGYPT Ottoman Egypt, 18th century Rare copy of the decree of protection supposedly written by the Prophet Muhammad to the Christians of Egypt and dated Muharram of the year 2 of the Hegira. Legal document certified by the Ottoman cadi of Egypt Isma'il, on black naskh paper decorated with an illuminated sarlowh. Minor restorations, document reinforced on the back. Seal. Size : 44,5 x 21 cm This document contains a copy of a famous document from the early history of Islam. It is the pact concluded by the Prophet Muhammad with the Christians of Egypt, usually called Ashtinama. The text, dated Muharram of the year II of the Hegira, assures the Christian populations of the protection of their property as well as their places of worship, among others. While the authenticity of this text has been questioned by many scholars, the history of its reception over the centuries is a fascinating subject. The supposed original document, which was given by Muhammad to the monks of St. Catherine's Monastery in Sinai, was confiscated by Selim I (r. 1512-1520) during his campaign in Egypt and Syria in 1516-1517. Subsequently, copies were frequently made in order to renew the protection offered to Christians. Their authenticity is assured by the certification of a qadi, our document bearing the signature of the qadi of Egypt, a certain Isma'il, affixed in the manner of a seal in the right margin of the document.
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